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cisco certification renewal.3. Access reviews should continually review access rights linked to accounts to ensure that the unit's security system is implemented and enforced. In addition to shouldbe performed based on specific events (e.g., user transfers), in addition to periodic reviews of account permissions. A common problem in some large organizations is the assignment of unnecessary privileges to accounts, which was named the privilege escalation problem in the previous chapter.This problem was named permission increment in the previous chapter. When a user is transferred or leaves a job, it is necessary to partially or completely revoke the associated access rights. A formal procedure should be established to properly revoke the appropriate privileges.A formal procedure should be established to properly revoke the appropriate privileges. In some cases, it may be necessary to revoke a user's privileges before certain changes occur (e.g., sudden dismissal of an employee) to ensure that he or she does not cause any damage to the organization before officially leaving.5.2.2 Password Management..... Backup. 20 Passwords are combinations of characters and numbers that should be kept confidential, and are also one of the more common implementations of knowledge verification introduced in Chapter 4. Password authentication is generally considered to be a very weak authentication method, but because of the simplicity of implementation,it is used in a wide range of applications.The shortcomings of password authentication are mainly attributed to human factors rather than technical problems. The following are some common problems that can lead to increased risk when password authentication is used as the only authentication method. Users prefer to set the same password for all systems and accounts.234 Chapter 5 Introduction to Security Operations ManagementUsers all prefer to write down their passwords (for example, in a small notebook). Users all prefer to use simple passwords (for example, their children's names or 12345) o Users all prefer to use the default password provided by the system (when the system is installed). Password management includes all processes, systems, and techniques that help units and their users improve the security of password authentication systems.Password management includes the systems and techniques related to password creation, password storage, and password resets, which are described further later in this chapter