cisco ccna devops

cisco ccna devops.To establish a Frame Relay connection, the following devices are required..DTE: A router with a synchronous serial interface..DCE: CSU/DSU connected to the carrieroFigure 24.4 shows an example of a Frame Relay connection. In this example, the router needs only one physical connection to the operator to connect to multiple sites: this is achieved using a virtual circuit (VC). Frame Relay supports speeds of partial T1/E1 connections (56. 64kbit/s) to DS3 connections (45Mbit/s). Frame Relay is discussed in more detail in Chapter 25.ATMATM is also a packet switching technology that uses digital circuits, but unlike Frame Relay and X.25, it uses packets of a fixed length (53 bytes), the elements, to carry information, and is therefore often referred to as an element switching service. One advantage of ATM over Frame Relay is that it provides throughput and minimum latency guarantees for a wide range of services, including video, voice and data. However, it is also more expensive than Frame Relay services. ATM (equivalent to an improved version of Frame Relay) can guarantee bandwidth, latency, error rates, and quality of service for the connection. Frame Relay provides some guarantees, but the accuracy is not comparable to ATM. Frame Relay has a maximum speed of 45Mbit/s, while ATM offers very high speeds, e.g., OC.192 (SONET) offers a bandwidth of about 10Gbit/s.Keep in mind that packet switching and element switching are typically used in situations where a router has only one WAN interface but needs to connect to multiple remoteChapter 24 Introduction to the WAN 645program sites.CSU/DSU