cisco ccna academy

cisco ccna academy.It is important to be familiar with the address translation configuration commands: static NAT, dynamic NAT, and reload. On the exam, you will likely encounter practice questions that require you to configure address translation.Conversion Process and TroubleshootingBe sure to know the address translation commands well. On the exam, you may be asked to answer questions based on a given configuration scenario: for example, given a group of users, ask what will be done with the traffic they send to the Internet; or given a specific configuration, ask why you did not convert the addresses. Be sure to familiarize yourself with troubleshooting commands, including the use of the show and debug commands.22.5 Authentication SummaryPrivate addresses are defined in RFC 1918: 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/16.172.31.0.0/16, and 192.168.0.0/24.192.168.255.0/24. When using private addresses, you must convert the private address to a public address before the packet enters the public network. Address translation is used when there are not enough public addresses, when you change ISPs and want to keep your old address, when you merge companies that use overlapping address spaces, and when you want to assign the same IP address to multiple devices.The term internal local IP address refers to the private address in the packet or the IP address before conversion; the term internal global IP address the public address in the packet or the converted address; NAT converts one IP address to another IP address, while PAT (address reloading) converts multiple IP addresses to the same global address, which modifies the source port number and allows the converting device to distinguish between different connections. . PAR redirection redirects traffic going to a specific port on one device to another device.Address translation allows you to use an almost inexhaustible set of addresses, allows you to hide the design of your internal network, and allows you to more tightly control the traffic going in and out of your network. However, address translation increases the latency of traffic, makes troubleshooting more difficult, and does not apply to all applications, especially multimedia applications.The command ip nat inside source static configures static NAT; the commands ip nat inside source list and ip nat pool configure dynamic translation (the keyword overload is added to configure PAT); the interface subconfiguration mode command ip nat inside|outside specifies the internal and external interfaces used for address internal and external interfaces for translation.To view the router's address translation table, use the command show ip nat translations; to remove all dynamic address translation entries from the router's translation table, use the command clear ip nat translation *; to display in real time the translations performed by the IOS for each packet, use the command debug ip nato22.6 Two-Minute Sprints