chapter 9 ccna 1

chapter 9 ccna 1.In IOS 11.1 and earlier, this command is still supported in newer versions using the command write eraseo. To verify that the startup configuration file has been removed, use the command show startup-configIOS# show startup-config %% Non-volatile configuration memory is not present16.1.4 Ways to specify configuration filesStarting with IOS 12.0, Cisco introduced commands and nomenclature that follow the Cisco I0S File System (IFS) guidelines (the guidelines followed when entering a URL in the address box of a Web browser). Now, instead of entering a command and then having the router prompt for additional information (such as the IP address and filename of the TFTP server), all of the information can be provided on a single command line. When specifying configuration files and I0S images in a command, you can specify the location prefix before the file name as shown in Table 16.1.Table 16.1 File LocationsChapter 16 Managing IOS Devices 391Let's look at an example. Suppose you want to back up the configuration from the router RAM to NVRAM, using the new syntax you can do this. IOS# copy system:running-confignvram: startup-config does not always have to specify a location, for example, in the previous example, it is perfectly fine to do so. IOS# copy running-config startup-config In many cases, IOS is able to determine the location based on the filename. For example, when you use running-config, IOS assumes the location to be RAM (system:). To view the active configuration, use the following command. IOS# moresystem:running-config To delete a file in flash memory (such as a backup configuration file), use the following command. IOS# delete flash:file_name will confirm that you do want to delete the specified file. This command can be used to delete any file in flash memory.Currently, both the new and old ways of entering configuration and IOS commands are supported. In a production environment, I often use the command write memory (which can be abbreviated to wr), which is equivalent to the command copy running-config startup-config, but only requires two keystrokes! Note, however, that the Cisco exam does not support the old command syntax!16.1.5 Summary of Configuration File OperationsIt is important to understand what the IOS will do when backing up or restoring a configuration file to a specific location. This is summarized in Table 16.2. Table 16.2 How IOS handles configuration files