ccna changes

ccna changes.3 Intrinsic VLAN: Intrinsic VLANs are assigned to IEEE802.lqTrunk ports. Trunk ports are ports that interconnect between switches and support a single physical link to carry traffic from multiple VLANs, among which traffic from one VLAN can carry no VLAN tag, and this VLAN is the intrinsic (Native) VLAN.The default intrinsic VLAN of Cisco switches is VLAN1.4 Management VLAN: The VLAN used to access the management functions of the switcho The default management VLAN of the Cisco switch is VLANlo To create a management VLAN, you need to assign an IP address and subnet mask to the switch virtual interface (SVI) for that VLAN, and users can manage the switch through HTTP, Telnet, SSH, or SNMP. IOS version 15 can have multiple active SVIso5 VoiceVLAN: A VLAN used to transport voice over IP (VoIP) individually.VoIP traffic requires sufficient bandwidth in the network to ensure voice quality. It is typically assigned a high IP priority (typically 5) through QoS and should be routed around congested areas of the network with a transmission delay requirement of less than 150 ms.8.1.3 VLAN Segmentation VLAN segmentation methods usually include port-based VLAN segmentation and MAC address-based VLAN segmentation.1. Port-Based VLAN SegmentationPort-based VLAN segmentation is the simplest and most effective VLAN segmentation method. The administrator manually assigns a port of the switch as a member of a certain VLAN. o The disadvantage of port-based VLAN segmentation is that when a user moves from one port to another, the network administrator must reconfigure the VLAN membership to which the switch port belongs.2. MAC Address-Based VLAN SegmentationThis method uses a VLAN Membership Policy Server (VMPS) to dynamically assign ports to VLANs based on the source MAC addresses of the devices connected to the switch ports o When a device moves, the switch can automatically recognize its MAC address and configure its connected ports to the appropriate VLAN o This VLAN are dynamic VLANs o MAC address-based VLAN segmentation allows network devices to move from one physical location to another and automatically retain membership in the VLAN to which they belong.8.2 Overview of Trunk8.2.1 Introduction to Trunk