ccna 7 chapter answers

ccna 7 chapter answers.40960, 45056, 49152, 53248. 57344 and 61440. other values will be rejected. The priority is. The bridge that has priority over all otherswitch priorities to become the root bridge.Extended System IDEarly implementations of IEEE802.1D were designed for networks that did not use VLANo have only one common generation on all switches6.2 Layer 2 Security Considerations 159tree. For this reason, in earlier Cisco switches, extended system IDs could be ignored in BPDU frames. As VLANs have become more common in segmentation of the network infrastructure, enhancements have been made to 802.1D to support VLANs, which requires that VLANIDs be included in BPDU frames. by using the extended system ID, VLAN information can be included in BPDU frames. By default, all newer switches use the extended system ID.The switch priority field is either 2 bytes or 16 bits, with 4 bits used for switch priority and 12 bits used for extended system 1D, which identifies the VLANs participating in this particular STP process. o Since the VLAN ID already uses 12 bits, the switch priority is only 4 bits. This STP process uses the rightmost 12 bits for the VLAN ID and the leftmost 4 bits for the switch priority. This explains why switch priority can only be configured in multiples of 4096 (2,2). If the leftmost bit is 0001, then the switch priority is 4096; if the leftmost bit is 1111, then the switch priority is 61440 (=15X4096) The OCATALyst 2960 and 3560 series switches do not allow the switch priority to be configured as 65536 (=16X4096) because of the use of the extended system [D , it will consider the 5th bit unavailable.In the BID, the value of the extended system ID is added to the value of the switch priority to identify the priority and the VLAN of the BPDU frame oWhen two switches are configured with the same priority and the same extended system ID, then the switch with the lowest MAC address has the smaller BID. Initially, all switches are configured using the same value for the default priority, so the MAC is decisive in determining which switch will be the root bridge. To ensure that the root bridge decision meets the needs of the network, it is recommended that the network administrator is the one who configures the router that wishes to become the root bridge with a smaller priority. This also ensures that when a new switch is added to the network, a new switch election is not triggered. Also, network communication will be interrupted during the election of the root bridge.6.2.4.8 SPT Manipulation Attack