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ccna 200 301 bookstore movers virginia.The OSI model is hierarchical, and the advantages and disadvantages it has apply to all hierarchical models. The primary task of all such models (especially the OSI model) is to enable networks from different vendors to interoperate with each other. The advantages of the OSI layered model are and are not limited to the following.period it divides the network communication process into smaller and simpler parts, which helps in the development,design and troubleshooting. It allows multiple vendors to develop products using standards for network composition. It defines the functions implemented in each layer of the model and drives the development of industry standards. It allows multiple types of hardware and software to communicate with each other.2.3 OSI Reference ModelChanges to one layer of the eel do not affect other layers and therefore do not hinder development.One of the most important functions of the OSI reference model is to help transfer data between different hosts - this means, for example, allowing us to transfer data between a Unix host and a PC or Mac host.But OSI is not a physical model; it is a set of guidelines that application developers use to create and implement applications to run in the network. It also provides a framework to create and implement network interconnection standards, devices, and interconnection network plans.OSI has 7 layers, divided into 2 groups. The three upper layers define . Providing user interfaces defines how applications in end workstations communicate with each other and howhow to communicate with users. The lower four layers define how to end-to-end... Demonstrate data transfer data. Figure 2.5 illustrates the functionality of the upper three layers, and Figure 2.6 illustrates the functionality of the lower three layers. Managing processes like encryption illustrates the functionality of the lower four layers.In studying Figure 2.5, it is important to know that the user of the computer picks up the session layer . independently manages the data ports of the different applications (located at the application layer), and also know that the role of the higher layers is to enable communication between the applications and the host. Keep in mind that the higher layers do not know about network interconnections or network addresses Figure 2.5 Higher layer information, which is the function of the next four layers. In Figure 2.6 you can see that the lower four layers define how data is transmitted over physical cables or through switches and routers; they also define how the connection between the transmitting host and the application at the destination host is re-established. The following network devices work on all 7 seven layers of the OSI model. Dirty Network Management Stations (NMS)