ccna 2 notes pdf

ccna 2 notes pdf.This chapter organizes the content according to the isolation steps of the first problem and explains how to troubleshoot Frame Relay. An overview of the main operations is listed below.14.2 Basic Content 305Each step is then explained in the order of the list.For all remote routers whose VCs share a single access link, if a Frame Relay router pinging all of these routers fails, proceed as follows.Step 1 Check for Layer 1 problems on the access link between the router and the local Frame Relay switch (all routers). I Crankspots Step 2 Check for Layer 2 issues on the access link, especially encapsulation and LMI. after resolving all issues from the first two steps. or if the initial ping test shows that you can ping through some of the Frame Relay routers but not all of the others and the VCs of these routers share a separate access link. follow these steps. Step 3 Check for PVC problems based on PVC status and subinterface status. Step 4 Check for Layer 2/3 issues using static mapping and dynamic (reverse ARP) mapping.Step 5 Check for Layer 2/3 issues related to end-to-end encapsulation type (cisco or ietf) mismatches.Step 6 Check for other Layer 3 issues, including mismatched subnets. Each of the steps in the above troubleshooting process recommendations is described in detail separately in the remainder of this chapter.2,Layer 1 Problems on the Access Link (Step 1)If the physical interface of the router used for the Frame Relay access link is not in the "upandup" state, the router cannot send any frames on this link. If the line state (first interface status code) of the interface is down, the interface is likely to have a Layer 1 problem.From a Layer 1 perspective, a Frame Relay access link is nothing more than a leased line between a router and a Frame Relay switch. Therefore, this link has exactly the same Layer 1 problem as the point-to-point leased line problem. Because the possible root cause of the failure and the troubleshooting steps to be recommended correspond to solving the leased line problem, you can refer to the "Troubleshooting Layer 1 Problems" section in Chapter 12, which includes detailed information on Step 1 of this subsection.