ccna 200 301 syllabus of upsc pdf syllabus

ccna 200 301 syllabus of upsc pdf syllabus.6.1.1 RIP Key Features***The default administrative distance of the RIP protocol is 120, and it is at the upper layer of the UDP protocol. The routing information received by RIP is encapsulated in UDP protocol datagrams, and RIP uses UDP port 520 to send and receive routing information, update the local routing table first, and then notify other routers. RIP, a typical representative of distance vector routing protocols, has the following key features.(1) Using Hopcount as a metric for path selection(1) Hopcount is used as a metric for path selection. The number of transitions or routers a message goes through from the home node to the destination node is called hopcount. RIP retains only the best route to the destination, and when new routing information is exchanged that provides a better route, RIP replaces the old information with it.RIP does not consider the bandwidth of the link when selecting a route, but uses only the Hop count as the only criterion for a good or bad path. This results in a real network where a link connected with Fast Ethernet (lOOMb/s) may be considered by RIP to be a more optimal route than a 10Mb/s Ethernet link simply because it has one more hop than the 10Mb/s link, which is not the case.(2) Maximum Hop Count 15 If the hop count of a network is greater than 15, the network is considered to have failed. This means that after a route reaches a Hopcount value of 16, the RIP considers the route invalid. Clearly, such a definition effectively prevents the spread of loops and is efficient and easy to use for small networks; however, for large networks with more than 15 Hops, RIP has limitations.Mighty Tons Chapter 6 RIP*** I, 06(3) Periodic broadcast or multipoint delivery of the entire routing table 'RIP version 1 uses broadcast updates, and all devices in the network are affected by the updates. RIP version 2 uses multicast updates, and network devices that are not running RIP version 2 are not affected. Regardless of whether the update is broadcast or multicast, RIP periodically (30 seconds by default) sends the entire routing table to neighboring routers, even if the network topology has not changed.6.1.2 RIP Topology Changes*