ccna 200-301 network simulator tools plus troy

ccna 200-301 network simulator tools plus troy.\32Chapter 2 Network Interconnection and Reference Models***! 02control the flow of information between the source and destination hosts, providing end-to-end control, flow control through a sliding window mechanism, and reliability through a sequence number and acknowledgement mechanism. TCP Transmission Control Protocol ensures data integrity when sending data segments. Stream control avoids the problem of sending data to a host that overflows the cache of the receiving host, cache overflow can lead to loss of data. Reliable transmission can be achieved by.. Acknowledgement of the received data segments by the receiver to the sender; . Retransmission of all unacknowledged data segments from the sender to the receiver; . Reorganizing data segments in the correct order at the destination and removing duplicate data segments; . Provide mechanisms to avoid and control congestion.1. TCP TCP (Transmission Control Protocol, Transmission Control Protocol) is a connection-oriented transport layer protocol that provides reliable data transmission. In a connection-oriented environment, a connection is established between the endpoints before the transfer of data can begin. TCP is responsible for splitting messages into data segments, retransmitting lost data segments and reconstituting the data segments into messages at the destination host. The format of TCP's data segments is shown in Figure 245; it is not necessary for candidates taking the CCNA exam to understand every field, but understanding the source port, destination port, sequence number, acknowledgment number, and window in the TCP header can help in understanding TCP transmissionreliability of transmission and TCP's sliding window mechanism. The protocols commonly used in the TCP/IP protocol group are shown in Figure 2-4-6, where the application layer protocols that use TCP are FTP>HTTP.SMTP, POP3, TelnetSource Porti. port ( 16 ) Port of DestinationPort (16)Sequence NutnberJ^ column number (32)Acknowledgement bfumbei^fe acknowledgement number (32)Header Length Reserved Code Bits ( 4) (6) Window Window ( 16 )