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cisco certification badges.Intrusion detection systems (IDS).Traditional intrusion prevention systems (IPS) and next-generation IPS.Anomaly detection systems.Advanced malware protection (AMP).Web security appliances. Email security appliances. Identity management systems. The various network security systems mentioned above are described in detail next.2.2.1 A traditional firewall A firewall is a device that is often deployed between trusted and untrusted networks, as shown in Figure 2.1.Figure 2.1 Traditional Firewall Deployment From Figure 2.1, it is clear that a firewall is deployed between two networks (trusted and untrusted networks). The trusted network is called the "inside" network and the untrusted network is called the "outside" network. For this example, the terms untrusted network directly connected to Intemeto appear frequently in Cisco and other vendors' documentation. A firewall that is directly connected to the Internet is often referred to as an Internet border firewall. An in-depth understanding of how firewalls and related technologies work is important for all network security practitioners. This knowledge not only helps to accurately and effectively perform the configuration and management of network security, but also allows the reader to understand how to enforce policies and how to implement network isolation measures that are appropriate for their network environment. There are several firewall solutions that enforce policies against users and applications with the goal of protecting against various security threats. These solutions often have logging capabilities that allow security administrators to identify, survey, verify, and mitigate security threats. In addition, there are certain software applications that can be installed into the operating system to enable host protection. Such applications are called personal firewalls. This section will provide a brief introduction to network firewalls and their associated technologies. Later in this chapter, the reader will learn more about the details related to personal firewalls. Network-based firewalls have important functions related to boundary protection, such as network address translation (NAT), access control list (ACL) enforcement, and application detection. The main role of a network firewall is to provide information based on pre2.2 Network Security Systems 109explicitly set policies and rules to block or release traffic that tries to flow into or out of the network. Typically, firewalls are deployed in multiple areas of the network with the goal of achieving network isolation within the enterprise infrastructure network as well as the data center network. The following shows the measures that can be used to let go of or block traffic.Simple packet filtering techniques. Application proxies. Network address translation.110 Chapter 2 Network Security Appliances and Cloud Services