ccna question paper with answer pdf

ccna question paper with answer pdf.If you look closely at IEEE802.3 frames and EthernetII frames, you will see that they are very similar.The NIC distinguishes them by looking at the type field of the Ethernet II frame (or the length field of the IEEE 802.3 frame); if the value of this field is greater than 1500, it is an Ethernet II frame; if it is equal to or less than 1500, it is an 802.3 frames. Practical experienceThese two versions of Ethernet can coexist in the same network. However, because the two frames are different, a NIC running only802.3 NICs will discard EthernetII frames and vice versa°.Authentication I [Label 3.023.2 AddressingI Chapter 2 stated that both Ethernet and other LAN technologies (such as FDDI and Token Ring) use MAC (hardware) addresses to uniquely identify devices in a network segment (physical or logical).MAC addresses are expressed in hexadecimal. You must be familiar with decimal, binary, and hexadecimal, as the CCNA exam may require you to convert between these decimals.3.2.1 Bit ValuesTo understand the conversion process, you must understand binary mathematical operations. Computers and network devices process all information in binary. A byte contains 8 bits, each corresponding to a specific decimal value, as shown in Table 3.5. In this table, each bit is listed in order from left to right, with the one on the far left being the highest valid bit and the one on the far right being the lowest valid bit. Each bit has two possible values: 0 or 1; if it is 1, it represents the decimal value corresponding to row 2 in Table 3.5; if it is 0, it corresponds to the decimal value 0. The leftmost bit has a larger position number (e.g., 8), while the rightmost bit has a smaller position number (e.g., 1). To convert a binary value to a decimal value, add up the decimal values corresponding to all bits that are 1.Table 3.5 Binary to Decimal Conversion Position Numbers for Byte Values 87654321Decimal value 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1